Monday, 23 January 2023

06-005 The first lecture from space

06-005
The first lecture from space

As a Chinese myself, I feel proud to have our own space stations. Back in 2013, when I saw our taikonaut Wang Yaping hosted our first ever space lecture inside Tiangong-1 Space Lab, I was overjoyed. I was even more excited to see further space lectures being organized in the newer and more spacious Tiangong Space Station in these couple of years.

I am not dumb. I know that many consider China’s space programme as a threat. Comments from haters are still on YouTube. No, the Chinese government has not removed those comments. I read them all. I just do not agree on their point of view. Space is too big for nations to compete with each other. I believe all space travelers are heroes, no matter they are a cosmonaut, a astronaut, a taikonaut, or even a billionaire the spent millions for a seat on the Blue Origin. I sincerely wish every success of the India space program and hope that very soon we can see the first Indian astronaut on board their Gaganyaan spacecraft.

Back to the topic, at the time when Wang Yaping was hosting the space lecture on Tiangong-1, there was a piece of information that drew my curiosity. Wang kept saying that she is only the second space lecturer. The first is a NASA astronaut. Her name is Barbara Morgan.

Christa McAuliffe (left) and Barbara Morgan (right)

China did not take Barbara's credit and claimed the Tiangong-1 lecture as the first space lecture in the world. A newsclip from the Chinese government official news agent, the China Daily, gives full credit and honor to Barbara Morgan. Wang, in her letter to Morgan, also shows her gratitude and full respect to her.

Being overjoyed with the first Tiangong lecture, I feel shame that I have not heard of Barbara Morgan. When did the lecture happen? What she has done in her lecture? Presumably, the lecture should be awfully expensive to organize. Is it available to watch on the internet? If so, I definitely would be interested to “attend” her lecture together with my kids. I googled, and found that there is actually quite a story behind Barbara Morgan.

The story of Barbara Morgan

The story began in 1984 when the former president of United States, Ronald Reagan, announced a NASA program called “Teacher in Space Project (TISP)”. The aim of the program is to inspire students, honor teachers, and spur interest in mathematics, science, and space exploration. The project would carry teachers into space as Payload Specialists (non-astronaut civilians), who would return to their classrooms to share the experience with their students. Christa McAuliffe was chosen for the program and Barbara Morgan was her backup. On January 28, 1986, Christa was on board the Space Shuttle Challenger to ISS. Unfortunately, the space shuttle blew up during the take off and Christa died in the disaster. TISP was cancelled later on.

Years later, a successor program to TISP, Educator Astronaut Project, was created and Barbara joined the mission STS-118 and finally made her way to the ISS in 2007, some 21 years after the Challenger disaster. So, Barbara’s “space lecture” is a mixture of joy and sadness.

About Morgan’s “space lecture”

Compare to China’s hour-long Tiangong Space Lecture, Morgan’s “space lecture” is more a combination of several Q&A sessions, carried out on different days to different groups of students. I checked the log files of the NASA mission and summarized all the Q&A sessions as below.


From STS-118 MCC Status Report #13 (2007-8-14)

Then Morgan was joined by Anderson and mission specialists Dave Williams and Alvin Drew for the first of the mission’s three educational events. Twenty children at the Discovery Center in Boise, Idaho, were given the chance to ask questions on topics ranging from how fast one could throw a baseball in space to how being a teacher is like being an astronaut. The remaining two education events are planned for Thursday and Sunday. 

Below is the video recording of the Q&A session with children from Boise, Idaho. The videos were uploaded in 2007. At that time, YouTube only allows a video length with a maximum of 10 minutes. So the Q&A session is separated into 2 parts. The resolution is not even up to NTSC quality.




From STS-118 MCC Status Report #16 (2007-8-16)

Morgan and Drew will speak with the Challenger Center for Space Science Education in Alexandria, Va., and children from the area at 7:06 a.m.


From STS-118 MCC Status Report #17 (2007-8-16)

Also today, mission specialists Barbara R. Morgan and Alvin Drew answered questions from students at the Challenger Center for Space Science Education in Alexandria, Va. …

Below is the video recording of the Q&A session with students at the Challenger Center. Again, the clip is separated into 3 parts because of the length restriction of YouTube at the time of uploading.



Morgan also answered questions via an amateur radio connection from students in her former school district, McCall-Donnelly in Idaho. Morgan taught at McCall-Donnelly Elementary School from 1975-1978, and again in 1979-1998.

No video was found but a podcast of the Q&A session is available on NASA’s website. The transmission was carried out through FM ham radio on ISS. Please bear with the sound quality.

++ Click here to listen ++

 

From STS-118 MCC Status Report #24 (2007-8-20)

At 10:46 a.m. Kelly, Williams and Morgan will take a break to talk with Canadian schoolchildren from the La Ronge, Saskatchewan area.

 

From STS-118 MCC Status Report #25 (2007-8-20)

Kelly and Morgan also joined Williams for a Canadian Space Agency educational event with children from Williams' home province, Saskatchewan, in Canada. The astronauts fielded questions from seventh and eighth graders on subjects ranging from whether astronauts grow in space, how microgravity affects bone density and what you need to know to operate the Canadarm.

Below is the video recording of the Q&A session with students from Saskatchewan, Canada. Sorry that these video clips are the best I can find.



Hope you have enjoyed the “lectures”.


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06-004 Tiangong Space Lectures

06-004
Tiangong Space Lectures

Hongkong is a busy city. At the time of writing, we are enjoying our Chinese New Year. As the new year day is on Sunday this year, most people in Hongkong are having a consecutive 5 days holiday.

As a Chinese parent, these holidays are not for me. I still need to bring my kids to the private tutor and other hobby classes. And school gave tons of homework to my kids to pack up their holiday. I am still thinking which day should be the right moment to start tackling all these homework. Definitely not on the new year day, but maybe the day after.

A rough calculation shows that in last year, I have spent more than $4000 HKD, around $530 USD, per month in this kind of outside school activities. I did not force my kids to join too many hobby classes, just 2 to 3 hours with their private tutor on weekdays, a weekend drawing class for my daughter and a weekly English class for my son. He is now 7 but still don’t know how to spell the word “seven”. Even on the first day of the long holiday, I was still busy bringing my daughter to her drawing class.

Hobby classes can be expensive here, especially those language classes. An English class with native English speaking teacher can be costed up to $100 USD per hour. However, some classes, like those sponsored by the government, can be very cheap. My son has once joined a one-hour-long story telling class with just $1.5 USD per session.

But what if I tell you that our government has given out a series of lectures for free to every mankind in the universe? And it happens that those lectures are also, probably, the most expensive lectures ever organized in the world?


Screening of Tiangong Space Lecture in La Salle College, Hongkong
Image Source: RTHK

Yes, I am talking about the Tiangong Space Lectures. Space lectures are a series of lectures organized on the space stations of China by the Chinese government. Up to the moment of writing, we have organized 4 lectures and a Q&A section. I am quite sure more will be coming.

The lectures were broadcasted live through China’s TV network and later uploaded to YouTube for free to watch. The video clips are dubbed in English.

In this holiday, I am going to watch one of those lectures with my kids as a kind of new year celebration. Consider the budget of each space mission, those lectures must be awfully expensive to organize. I am now spending more than 500 bucks per month for hobby classes. I have really no reason for not watching them.

I attached all the lectures below so that you can also watch.


Space lecture on Shenzhou 10 (2013-6-20, at around 10:00 Beijing Time)

The first ever Space lecture of the Shenzhou programme took place almost a decade ago, during the Shenzhou 10 mission. The lecture was held inside the now deorbited Tiangong-1 space lab. The lecturer was Wang Yaping, the second female taikonaut. She did 5 experiments in the lecture.

The programme is in 4:3 SDTV resolution because it was for broadcasting on TV channel CCTV-1. It is the primary free-to-air TV channel that covers the whole China and is one of the last TV channel to be switched to 16:9 HDTV.


First space lecture on Tiangong Space Station (2021-12-9, 15:55 Beijing Time)

Time flies. 8 and a half years later, we saw another space lecture organized by China. The lecture took place on a different space station, inside the Tiangong Space Station core module. The lecturer was still Wang Yaping. Programme is in 16:9 HDTV resolution.


Second space lecture on Tiangong Space Station (2022-3-23, 15:40 Beijing Time)

Just weeks before the completion of the Shenzhou 13 mission, we saw another space lecture took place on the Tiangong Space Station. The lecturer was Wang Yaping again.


Third space lecture on Tiangong Space Station (2022-10-12, 16:01 Beijing Time)

The most recent space lecture on the Tiangong Space Station happened during the Shenzhou 14 mission. This time, the lecture took place inside the Wentian module. The lecturers became Chen Dong and Liu Yang as Wang Yaping has returned home already.

Note: All programmes of Tiangong Space Station lectures are hours long. I set the starting point of the videos to the moment when the space lecture begins. Please move the cursor backward if you want to also watch the introductory section.


Interaction with American Students (2022-4-10, 3:00 Beijing Time)

A special question and answer (Q&A) session between the three Shenzhou 13 taikonauts and American students was held in the Chinese Embassy in U.S. in Washington, D.C. The event was officially hosted by the Chinese Ambassador of the United States, Qin Gang. Elon Musk was also featured in the event.

This kind of Q&A section is not exactly a lecture and similar activities have been done many times by other astronauts on other space stations, mainly through ham radio.

I can only find an edited version of that Q&A section on YouTube.

More questions were asked in the event. You can found some of them in this video clip. Retired NASA astronaut Donald A. Thomas also participated and gave positive comments to the event. (Click here to watch the news clip.)

However, there is one thing that worth mentioning. In English language, the event was advertised as “Q&A section” or “My questions to Taikonauts”. But in Chinese language, the event is called “Tiangong Lecture, America Branch School (天宫课堂美国分校)”. That means, we considered a Tiangong space school was officially opened in the US. This act is especially “meaningful” after the U.S. Department of State designated the Confucius Institute U.S. Center as a foreign mission of the PRC 2 years ago and there were even voices to call them off.


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Saturday, 21 January 2023

06-003 Our taikonauts, our heroes

06-003
Our taikonauts, our heroes

[Update: This post is updated on 20-Jun-2024 with new information added.]

The successful launch of the Shenzhou 5 marked the birth of the first taikonaut in human history. We started having our own astronaut, Yang Liwei since October 15, 2003. We now even have our first modular space station orbiting in the sky.


Mysterious Somalia miniature sheet featuring our taikonauts.
But some of them have never flown.
And also, why Somalia?

At the time of writing, we have successfully sent 16 people into space. [Update: The number is 22 now.] As a Chinese myself, they are all heroes in my eyes. And I would like to spare a little area of my blog to introduce them to you.

I will keep updating this post when there are more taikonauts joining the hall of fame.

Note: The names are Chinese and therefore surname came first. So, Yang Liwei is Mr. Yang, not Mr. Liwei.


    

1.       Name: Yang Liwei

Chinese Name: 杨利伟

D.O.B.: 1965-6-21

Home County: Liaoning

First time to space: 2003-10-15

Mission: Shenzhou 5

Time in space: 21 hours, 22 minutes, 45 seconds


2.      Name: Fei Junlong

Chinese Name: 费俊龙

D.O.B.: 1965-5-5

Home County: Jiangsu

First time to space: 2005-10-12

Mission: Shenzhou 6, Shenzhou 15

Time in space: 191 days, 2 hours and 58 minutes


3.      Name: Nie Haisheng

Chinese Name: 聂海胜

D.O.B.: 1964-10-13

Home County: Hubei

First time to space: 2005-10-12

Mission: Shenzhou 6, Shenzhou 1o, Shenzhou 12

Time in space: 111 days, 14 hours and 12 minutes


4.      Name: Jing Haipeng

Chinese Name: 景海鹏

D.O.B.: 1966-10-24

Home County: Shanxi

First time to space: 2008-9-25

Mission: Shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 9, Shenzhou 11, Shenzhou 16

Time in space: 207 days, 17 hours and 2 minutes

 

5.      Name: Liu Boming

Chinese Name: 刘伯明

D.O.B.: 1966-9-17

Home County: Shanxi

First time to space: 2008-9-25

Mission: Shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 12

Time in space: 95 days and 29 minutes


6.      Name: Zhai Zhigang

Chinese Name: 翟志刚

D.O.B.: 1966-10-11

Home County: Heilongjiang

First time to space: 2008-9-25

Mission: Shenzhou 7, Shenzhou 13

Time in space: 185 days, 6 hours and 0 minutes

 

7.      Name: Liu Wang

Chinese Name: 刘旺

D.O.B.: 1969-3-25

Home County: Shanxi

First time to space: 2012-6-16

Mission: Shenzhou 9

Time in space: 12 days, 15 hours and 25 minutes

 

8.     Name: Ms. Liu Yang

Chinese Name: 刘洋

D.O.B.: 1978-10-6

Home County: Henan

First time to space: 2012-6-16

Mission: Shenzhou 9, Shenzhou 14

Time in space: 195 days, 0 hours and 50 minutes


9.      Name: Zhang Xiaoguang

Chinese Name: 张晓光

D.O.B.: 1966-5

Home County: Liaoning

First time to space: 2013-6-11

Mission: Shenzhou 10

Time in space: 14 days, 14 hours and 29 minutes


10.  Name: Ms. Wang Yaping

Chinese Name: 王亚平

D.O.B.: 1980-1

Home County: Shandong

First time to space: 2013-6-11

Mission: Shenzhou 10, Shenzhou 13

Time in space: 197 days and 1 minute


11.   Name: Chen Dong

Chinese Name: 陈冬

D.O.B.: 1978-12-12

Home County: Henan

First time to space: 2016-10-17

Mission: Shenzhou 11, Shenzhou 14

Time in space: 214 days, 15 hours and 54 minutes


12.  Name: Tang Hongbo

Chinese Name: 汤洪波

D.O.B.: 1975-10

Home County: Hunan

First time to space: 2021-6-17

Mission: Shenzhou 12, Shenzhou 17

Time in space: 279 days, 10 hours and 43 minutes


13.  Name: Ye Guangfu

Chinese Name: 叶光富

D.O.B.: 1980-9

Home County: Sichuan

First time to space: 2021-10-15

Mission: Shenzhou 13, Shenzhou 18

Time in space: Currently in space


14.  Name: Cai Xuzhe

Chinese Name: 蔡旭哲

D.O.B.: 1976-5

Home County: Hebei

First time to space: 2022-6-5

Mission: Shenzhou 14

Time in space: 182 days, 9 hours and 25 minutes

 

15.  Name: Deng Qingming

Chinese Name: 邓清明

D.O.B.: 1966-3-16

Home County: Jiangxi

First time to space: 2022-11-29

Mission: Shenzhou 15

Time in space: 186 days, 7 hours and 25 minutes


16.  Name: Zhang Lu

Chinese Name: 张陆

D.O.B.: 1976-11

Home County: Hunan

First time to space: 2022-11-29

Mission: Shenzhou 15

Time in space: 186 days, 7 hours and 25 minutes


     

17.  Name: Zhu Yangzhu

Chinese Name: 朱杨柱

D.O.B.: 1986-10

Home County: Jiangsu

First time to space: 2023-5-30

Mission: Shenzhou 16

Time in space: 153 days, 22 hours and 41 minutes


18.  Name: Gui Haichao

Chinese Name: 桂海潮

D.O.B.: 1986-11

Home County: Yunnan

First time to space: 2023-5-30

Mission: Shenzhou 16

Time in space: 153 days, 22 hours and 41 minutes



19.  Name: Tang Shengjie

Chinese Name: 唐胜杰

D.O.B.: 1989-12

Home County: Gansu

First time to space: 2023-10-26

Mission: Shenzhou 17

Time in space: 187 days, 6 hours and 32 minutes



20.  Name: Jiang Xinlin

Chinese Name: 江新林

D.O.B.: 1988-2

Home County: Henan

First time to space: 2023-10-26

Mission: Shenzhou 17

Time in space: 187 days, 6 hours and 32 minutes




21.  Name: Li Cong

Chinese Name: 李聪

D.O.B.: 1989-10

Home County: Hebei

First time to space: 2024-4-25

Mission: Shenzhou 18

Time in space: Currently in space


 

22.  Name: Li Guangsu

Chinese Name: 李广苏

D.O.B.: 1987-7

Home County: Jiangsu

First time to space: 2024-4-25

Mission: Shenzhou 18

Time in space: Currently in space


Apart from our home brew taikonauts, some other Chinese have also reached the orbit. They are American Chinese joining the NASA programme to space.

Although their nationalities are different, I also consider them as heroes. I would like to include their names here. Some of them have even reached the space long before Shenzhou 5. Yang is not the first Chinese in space.


A.   Name: Taylor Gun-Jin Wang

Chinese Name: 王赣骏

D.O.B.: 1940-6-16

Home County: Jianxi

First time to space: 1985-4-29

Mission: STS-51-B Challenger

Time in space: 7 days and 8 minutes


B.   Name: Franklin Ramón Chang-Díaz

Chinese Name: 张福林

D.O.B.: 1950-4-5

Home County: Guangdong

First time to space: 1986-1-12

Mission: STS-61-C, STS-34, STS-46, STS-60, STS-75, STS-91, STS-111.

Time in space: 66 days, 18 hours and 16 minutes


C.   Name: Leroy Chiao

Chinese Name: 焦立中

D.O.B.: 1960-8-28

Home County: Shandong

First time to space: 1994-7-8

Mission: STS-65, STS-72, STS-92, Soyuz TMA-5 (Expedition 10)

Time in space: 229 days, 7 hours and 38 minutes


D.  Name: Edward Tsang "Ed" Lu

Chinese Name: 卢杰

D.O.B.: 1963-7-1

Home County:

First time to space: 1997-5-24

Mission: STS-84, STS-106, Soyuz TMA-2 (Expedition 7)

Time in space: 205 days, 23 hours and 18 minutes


E.  Name: Kjell Norwood Lindgren

Chinese Name: 林其兒

D.O.B.: 1973-1-23

Home County:

First time to space: 2015-7-22

Mission: Soyuz TMA-17M (Expedition 44/45), SpaceX Crew-4 (Expedition 67/68)

Time in space: 312 days, 5 hours and 11 minutes


 

F.  Name: Gary Lai

Chinese Name: 

D.O.B.: 1973

Home County:

First time to space: 2022-3-31

Mission: Blue Origin NS-20

Time in space: 10 minutes, 4 seconds


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